Sunday, April 12, 2020

South Korea’s Path to Sustainability

By Danny Curran

South Korea’s concern for the environment and its economic ability to compete with the world is very important to them.  Their concern for economic and environmental stability makes them stay ahead of the global market. Their natural resources have helped them stay ahead. Their strong work habits start from the beginning of their existence. The 1950’s Korean War was a horrible war that devastated the Korean Peninsula. The war killed two million people and nothing was resolved. A high razor, chain-link fence separates South and North Korea.

Korea has four distinct seasons with cold winters and warm summers. The Indian and Pacific Ocean gives off strong winds and sometimes when the weather gets extreme the weather can make horrible storms called monsoons that can affect the whole country. South Korea’s largest city is its capital, Seoul, which has a population of more than 10 million. The Republic of Korea is a young nation that has transformed since 1948. Its people have had much turmoil from wars and dictators. Today, their constitution has a three branch government with elections and independence. (McNair, “South Korea”)

South Korea’s agriculture is filled with farming, ranching, forestry and fisheries. They raise chicken and beef with mostly natural ingredients. Their main crop is rice.  There is major demand for rice. They also produce wheat and barley.
                                                                                                                       
South Koreans have moved from rural areas to big cities, creating an industrialized country trading with global markets.  However; disease, wastes and pollution haves doubled with all these new innovations. South Korea knows that their environment and the health of their people are very important.  South Korea’s economic footprint was high and the country knew their wasteful habits had to change. The country now uses a lot of organic material when building, cooking and making materials.  They believe that when you over-consume as a nation too much poisons get released into the environment. South Korea uses eco-friendly ideas by using automated bins, rooftop farms, and underground mushroom-growing farms. These are some ways South Korea goes “Green” and “Clean” in their country. (McNair, “South Korea”)

South Koreans are constantly looking at the United States to see how to improve their Eco-Footprint.  The United States has the most landfill emissions of any other country. The United States releases too much methane into the atmosphere.  South Korea uses the United States as a benchmark and tries to reduce its greenhouse gas pollution. South Korea tries to help clean up the mess by reducing pollution and harmful gases. 

Some Koreans were so against pollution that they created a movement called a “Greener World”. They also made a movement called “Korea Zero Waste Movement Network”. Koreans were lying down in the streets to stop garbage trucks entering landfills.  This movement started in Seoul. Another way South Koreans used their “Waste Movement Network” was to ban plastic bags; this program started in 2018. The country estimates the economic benefit of these policies will reach billions of dollars. (McNair, South Korea)   

Composting Lifestyle                                     

Korean living is also modeled in eco-friendly ways. They use separate containers for items in their house.  They separate each and every thing. Korean’s also believe in composites for food scraps and other materials.  Canisters for oil and fats are also seen in most Korean homes. These simple solutions have saved thousands of dollars for most South Koreans.  Thirteen thousand tons of food waste produced daily in South Korea has now become useful material. For example, it’s turned into compost (thirty per cent), animal feed (sixty per cent), or biofuel (ten per cent). (McNair, “South Korea”)

South Korea has achieved much success and many countries are envious of their commitment to the environment and economic success. When foreigners come to Korea they often ask “How did South Korea achieve this success?” Many international companies see the commitment of South Koreans and their hard work. 

Many of the organics-recycling bins in Seoul have the capacity to transform waste into compost, which can then be distributed to urban farms, sometimes in the same apartment complex. In the past decade, the number of such farms in Seoul have increased from sixty-six to more than two thousand. Mandatory organics recycling plants have saved the country money. Sanitation trucks would have picked up high amount of garbage full of sodium that would end up in their landfills.  Now they use organic materials to break down their garbage. (Somerville, “South Korea”)

Earlier efforts to reduce food waste included such government campaigns as “No Left-Overs Day,” in the nineteen-nineties. But a real shift in food waste would mean changing the notion of what constitutes a great meal. Some restaurants describe the traditional Korean meal as a three-, five-, seven-, nine-, or twelve-chop meal, referring to the number of banchan. Others counter that thinking of the Korean meal that way is a modern invention. A small group of restaurateurs said “We’ll charge for banchan, but serve banchan of a quality that people will actually eat,” This type of message shows the South Koreans are not in small businesses just to make money but to give back to their community. South Koreans want to make their customers happy with good food and use local farmers. In the last five years South Korea sentiment of food has changed.  (Somerville, “South Korea”)

Samsung is always working on efficient appliances that help the environment.  Many companies also offer incentive programs that help their community when recycling and using efficient appliances. Samsung and South Korea’s government made a slogan that using tap water is cool.  When the government decided to reduce the purchase of bottled water, it promoted tap water as healthy and refreshing. South Koreans also promoted that their water has history from the ancient culture. (McNair, “South Korea”)

The future for South Korea has been strong since the Korean War.  South Korea’s GDP has doubled since the 20th century. Last year a middle class family made $35,277 a year. Now, it has gone up to $46,988.  The living standards for most Koreans have improved and the nation is focused on building policies, the environment, and their people. 

Even though South Korea is improving there are always some struggles. Such as, their population is aging rapidly and their birth rate has declined. Also, the pressure to be competitive puts a lot of stress on their people. The suicide rate is very high among young people.  There is also a large number of people that have drinking issues. Many school aged children that got surveyed said they have a lot of stress and mental issues. Yet South Korea continues to create ways to care about their people and country. (McNair, South Korea).


                                                               Works Cited
McNair, Sylvia. South Korea.  “Enchantment of the World”. Library of Congress in Publication Division. 2017.
Somerville, Barbara. South Korea. “The Stepping-Stone into South Korea”.  Children’s Press and Scholastic Inc. 2016.

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